Cognitive Assessment and MRI Program in Identifying Cognitive Effects of Androgen Receptor Directed Therapies in Patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer

Inclusion Criteria

• Have diagnosis of prostate cancer and have received treatment with GnRH agonist or antagonist therapy or orchiectomy for at least 1 month prior to enrollment
• Several testing instruments employed in this study are only available in English, so enrolled patients must have a command of English that enables them to complete testing without interpretation of questions into other languages. This stipulation is in place because not all of the proposed quality of life or cognitive tests are available or validated in other languages
• Age >= 18 years
• Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document written in English that is approved by an institutional review board
• Have either newly diagnosed metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer (mCRPC) OR have non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (M0CRPC) and eligible to undergo standard of care (SOC) treatment with abiraterone acetate (mHSPC or mCRPC) or enzalutamide (mCRPC, mHSPC, and M0CRPC) * Note: Patients receiving radiation for localized prostate cancer with local nodal involvement or high risk disease plus abiraterone may be included in the abiraterone treatment arm * Note: mHSPC patients must have received >= 4 weeks of GnRH agonist or antagonists or orchiectomy prior to starting abiraterone or enzalutamide
• Patients may have received prior definitive radiation therapy or surgery; patient must have only grade 2 or less adverse effects from definitive radiation therapy or surgery at the time of registration; radiation of any duration during study follow up is permitted * Note: Patients receiving radiation for localized prostate cancer with local nodal involvement or high risk disease plus abiraterone may be included in the abiraterone treatment arm
• Patients may have received chemotherapy for hormone-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer only, but it must not have lasted for more than 6 months; at least 12 months must have elapsed since completion of chemotherapy
• Patients may have received prior definitive radiation therapy or surgery; patient must have only grade 2 or less adverse effects from definitive radiation therapy or surgery at the time of registration; radiation of any duration during study follow up is permitted
• Patients must agree to use adequate contraception (e.g. hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry, for the duration of study participation, and for 120 days following completion of therapy; should a female patient become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while participating in this study, she should inform her treating physician immediately
• Patients must be able to undergo brain MRI (patients must not have any contraindications to MRI imaging). * Note: MRI should be completed before initiating AR-directed therapy if possible, or within 7 days after starting AR-directed therapy
• Patients must be able to take oral medication

Exclusion Criteria

• Prior treatment with enzalutamide or abiraterone acetate for > 14 days prior to enrollment and completion of baseline tests (treatment for =< 14 days prior to completing baseline tests is acceptable)
• Receipt of chemotherapy for prostate or other cancer within the past 12 months with residual cognitive deficits, or receipt of chemotherapy for mCRPC; patients/physicians planning treatment with chemotherapy during the 12 month period of the investigation are also ineligible
• History of cognitive impairment or dysfunction, including a history of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, stroke with residual cognitive deficits, cognitive dysfunction related to alcohol or substance abuse, or cognitive dysfunction related to prior treatment for any cancer
• Patients with a seizure history, history of recurrent falls, or known brain metastases are excluded from this clinical trial because of their poor prognosis and because of their heightened risk of seizure or progressive cognitive and/or neurologic dysfunction that would confound the evaluation
• Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, uncontrolled diabetes, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association class III and IV heart failure), unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations/substance abuse that would limit compliance with study requirements
• Patients with a "currently active" second malignancy other than non-melanoma skin cancers are not eligible; patients are not considered to have a "currently active" malignancy if they have completed all therapy and are now considered without evidence of disease for 1 year; patients with cognitive dysfunction related to treatment of another malignancy, including a history of “chemo-brain”, are ineligible
• Patients taking psychotropic medications or illicit drugs that may alter cognition, concentration, or behavior; appropriate treatment by a licensed provider with medications for depression or anxiety, including but not limited to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and standard dose benzodiazepines at a stable dose, is permitted
• Patients who have a history of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to enzalutamide or abiraterone acetate are not eligible