Table 9. Pituitary Gland Late Effects
| Predisposing Therapy | Endocrine/Metabolic Effects | Health Screening |
| BMI = body mass index; FSH = follicle-stimulating hormone; LH = luteinizing hormone. | ||
| Radiation impacting hypothalamic-pituitary axis | Growth hormone deficiency | Assessment of nutritional status |
| Height, weight, BMI, Tanner stage | ||
| Radiation impacting hypothalamic-pituitary axis | Precocious puberty | Height, weight, BMI, Tanner stage |
| Radiation impacting hypothalamic-pituitary axis | Gonadotropin deficiency | History: puberty, sexual function |
| Exam: Tanner stage | ||
| FSH, LH, estradiol or testosterone levels | ||
| Radiation impacting hypothalamic-pituitary axis | Central adrenal insufficiency | History: failure to thrive, anorexia, episodic dehydration, hypoglycemia, lethargy, unexplained hypotension |
| Endocrine consultation for those with radiation dose ≥30 Gy | ||
| Radiation impacting hypothalamic-pituitary axis | Hyperprolactinemia | History/exam: galactorrhea |
| Prolactin level | ||
| Radiation impacting hypothalamic-pituitary axis | Overweight/obesity; metabolic syndrome | Height, weight, BMI |
| Blood pressure | ||
| Fasting blood glucose level and lipid profile | ||
| Radiation impacting hypothalamic-pituitary axis | Central hypothyroidism | Free thyroxine (Free T4) level |
