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Genetics of Skin Cancer (PDQ®)

  • Posted: 07/29/2009
  • Updated: 05/23/2013

Table 6. Environmental Exposures Other Than Sunlight Associated with Melanomaa

Study Citation Subjects Time and/or Place Point Estimate 
Solvents
Wennborg et al.[15]Cohort (N = 23,718)1970–1994; SwedenRR = 2.7 (95% CI, 1.1–5.6)
Ionizing Radiation
Ron et al.[16]Various cohorts (N = 80,000)Hiroshima, JapanExcess RR per sievert = 2.1 (95% CI, <0.01–12)
Sigurdson et al.[17]U.S. Radiologic Technologists cohort (N = 90,305)United StatesSIR = 1.59 (95% CI, 1.38–1.80)
Telle-Lamberton et al.[18]French Atomic Energy Commission workers (N = 58,320)FranceSMR = 1.50 (90% CI, 1.04–2.11) among males
Sont et al.[19](N = 3,737)CanadaSIR = 1.16 (90% CI, 1.04–1.30)
Airline Flight Crews
Pukkala et al.[20]Male pilots (N = 10,032)ScandinaviaSIR = 2.3 (95% CI, 1.7–3.0)
Electromagnetic Fields
Tynes et al.[21](N = 807 cases, 1,614 controls)1980–1996; NorwayOR = 1.87 (95% CI, 1.23–2.83)
Vinyl Chloride
Lundberg et al.[22]Men in PVC processing plants (N = 717)SwedenSMR = 3.4 (95% CI, 1.1–7.9)
Landgård et al.[23]Workers exposed to PVC (N = 428)NorwaySIR = 2.06, (95% CI, 1.36–6.96)
PCBs
Loomis et al.[24]Occupational cohort of men exposed to PCBs (N = 138,905)United StatesRR = 1.29 (95% CI, 0.96–1.82), 5% increase per 2,000 h of exposure

Cl = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio; PCB = polychlorinated biphenyls; PVC = polyvinyl chloride; RR = relative risk; SIR = standardized incidence ratio; SMR = standard mortality rate.
aAdapted from Gruber et al.[14]

References

  1. Gruber S, Armstrong B: Cutaneous and ocular melanoma. In: Schottenfeld D, Fraumeni JF Jr, eds.: Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2006, pp 1196-1217. 

  2. Wennborg H, Yuen J, Nise G, et al.: Cancer incidence and work place exposure among Swedish biomedical research personnel. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 74 (8): 558-64, 2001.  [PUBMED Abstract]

  3. Ron E, Preston DL, Kishikawa M, et al.: Skin tumor risk among atomic-bomb survivors in Japan. Cancer Causes Control 9 (4): 393-401, 1998.  [PUBMED Abstract]

  4. Sigurdson AJ, Doody MM, Rao RS, et al.: Cancer incidence in the US radiologic technologists health study, 1983-1998. Cancer 97 (12): 3080-9, 2003.  [PUBMED Abstract]

  5. Telle-Lamberton M, Bergot D, Gagneau M, et al.: Cancer mortality among French Atomic Energy Commission workers. Am J Ind Med 45 (1): 34-44, 2004.  [PUBMED Abstract]

  6. Sont WN, Zielinski JM, Ashmore JP, et al.: First analysis of cancer incidence and occupational radiation exposure based on the National Dose Registry of Canada. Am J Epidemiol 153 (4): 309-18, 2001.  [PUBMED Abstract]

  7. Pukkala E, Aspholm R, Auvinen A, et al.: Incidence of cancer among Nordic airline pilots over five decades: occupational cohort study. BMJ 325 (7364): 567, 2002.  [PUBMED Abstract]

  8. Tynes T, Klaeboe L, Haldorsen T: Residential and occupational exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields and malignant melanoma: a population based study. Occup Environ Med 60 (5): 343-7, 2003.  [PUBMED Abstract]

  9. Lundberg I, Gustavsson A, Holmberg B, et al.: Mortality and cancer incidence among PVC-processing workers in Sweden. Am J Ind Med 23 (2): 313-9, 1993.  [PUBMED Abstract]

  10. Langård S, Rosenberg J, Andersen A, et al.: Incidence of cancer among workers exposed to vinyl chloride in polyvinyl chloride manufacture. Occup Environ Med 57 (1): 65-8, 2000.  [PUBMED Abstract]

  11. Loomis D, Browning SR, Schenck AP, et al.: Cancer mortality among electric utility workers exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls. Occup Environ Med 54 (10): 720-8, 1997.  [PUBMED Abstract]