Table 4. Case-Control Studies in Varied Populations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 and Prostate Cancer Risk
| Study | Population | Controls | Mutation Frequency (BRCA1) | Mutation Frequency (BRCA2) | Prostate Cancer Risk (BRCA1) | Prostate Cancer Risk (BRCA2) | Comments |
| CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio; RR = relative risk; SIR = standardized incidence ratio. | |||||||
| Johannesdottir et al., 1996 [17] | 75 Icelandic men diagnosed with prostate cancer before age 65 y, between 1983 and 1992, with available archival tissue blocks | 499 randomly selected DNA samples from the Icelandic National Diet Survey | Not assessed | Cases: 999del5 (2.7%) | Not assessed | 999del5: RR, 2.5 (95% CI, 0.49–18.4) | |
| Controls: (0.4%) | |||||||
| Eerola et al., 2001 [18] | 107 Finnish hereditary breast cancer families defined as having three first- or second-degree relatives with breast or ovarian cancer at any age | Finnish population based on gender, age, and calendar period–specific incidence rates | Not assessed | Not assessed | SIR, 1.0 (95% CI, 0.0–3.9) | SIR, 4.9 (95% CI, 1.8–11.0) | |
| Cybulski et al., 2008 [19] | 1,793 Polish men unselected for age or family history with prostate cancer diagnosed between 1999 and 2005 | 4,570 population-based controls from Poland (2,000 newborns, 1,570 adults seen in family practice, and 1,000 individuals who underwent paternity testing) | Cases: 8 (0.45%) | Cases: Not assessed | 4153 del A: OR, 5.1 (95% CI, 0.9–27.9) | Not assessed | The mutation 5382insC is not likely to be associated with increased prostate cancer risk in Polish men. The greatest prostate cancer risk, particularly familial prostate cancer, was associated with either C61G or 4153delA (OR, 12; P = .0004). |
| 5382insC: OR, 0.15 (95% CI, 0.02–1.1) | |||||||
| C61G: OR, 2.6 (95% CI, 0.5–12.7) | |||||||
| Controls: 22 (0.48%) | Controls: Not assessed | C61G or 4153delA: OR, 3.6 (95% CI, 1.1–11.3) | |||||
References
- Johannesdottir G, Gudmundsson J, Bergthorsson JT, et al.: High prevalence of the 999del5 mutation in icelandic breast and ovarian cancer patients. Cancer Res 56 (16): 3663-5, 1996. [PUBMED Abstract]
- Eerola H, Pukkala E, Pyrhönen S, et al.: Risk of cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation-positive and -negative breast cancer families (Finland). Cancer Causes Control 12 (8): 739-46, 2001. [PUBMED Abstract]
- Cybulski C, Górski B, Gronwald J, et al.: BRCA1 mutations and prostate cancer in Poland. Eur J Cancer Prev 17 (1): 62-6, 2008. [PUBMED Abstract]
